Updating Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2011 (SBS2011)

There are several important updates that need to be manually installed on Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2011. Download the files below. Before installing them, perform a full server backup. Then install the updates in this order:

1. Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1
   (download the X64 file only as SBS2011 never came in X86/32-bit version).
2. Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2011, Update Rollup 4
   (optional but highly recommended)
3. Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 Service Pack 3
4. Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 Service Pack 3, Update Rollup 6
   (optional but highly recommended)
5. Microsoft Sharepoint Foundation 2010 Service Pack 2

Recommended: reboot between each step and take a backup between each step.

You'll need a couple of hours for the average server to install all of the updates. 

SBS2011 error messages after installing Sharepoint 2010 updates

You may get various error messages after installing Sharepoint 2010 updates (such as SP1). This is due to the requirement of upgrading the Sharepoint database after installing updates.

To check this issue, open an elevated Sharepoint 2010 Management Shell and run the following:

(get-spserver $env:computername).NeedsUpgrade

If the the output says True, then you need to upgrade the Sharepoint database. To do that, open an elevated Command Prompt and run the following:

cd \"Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\BIN"
PSConfig.exe -cmd upgrade -inplace b2b -force -cmd applicationcontent -install -cmd installfeatures

It should take about 5-10 minutes depending on hardware and the size of the database. It should say successfully upgraded database. I recommend rebooting the server afterwards just to be sure.

For more info: http://blogs.technet.com/b/sbs/archive/2011/07/06/potential-issues-after-installing-sharepoint-foundation-2010-sp1.aspx